Paleoclimatology

is the reconstruction of ancient climates by using evidence such as tree rings and air trapped in ice cores. Researchers use such evidence to understand natural climatic shifts which can help us in understanding and eventually predicting future climate trends. Passive Solar Design refers to designing buildings to maximize the use of solar radiation to warm and light the interior. Passive solar design criteria include properly siting the building, using energy efficient windows, and providing for both appropriate levels of insulation and thermal mass (material in the walls or floors of the building which stores heat and thereby helps to moderate temperature variations).